World Peace Is The Will Of The Peoples Of All Countries
Speech at Veshenskaya, Rostov Region
August 30, 1959
Dear Comrades, Friends,
We meet today in Veshenskaya, where I have come On the invitation of your fellow villager and my great friend, the wonderful Soviet writer, Mikhail AleksandroviCh Sholokhov. (Stormy applause.) Availing myself of his inv itation I decided to pay a visit to your stanitsa* on my way back from the Crimea, where I spent my vacation. I want to thank Comrade Sholokhov very warmly for this invitation and you for your cordial reception. (Stormy applause.) I am very glad that I have come here, that I have an opportunity of getting to know more about your life, and of talking to you. (Applause.)
To begin with, allow me to convey to you greetings from the Presidium of the Party Central Committee and from the Council of Ministers, and to wish you fresh succ esses in your work, prosperity, and hap.piness. (Stormy, prolonged applause.)
We meet today in Veshenskaya, where I have come On the invitation of your fellow villager and my great friend, the wonderful Soviet writer, Mikhail AleksandroviCh Sholokhov. (Stormy applause.) Availing myself of his inv itation I decided to pay a visit to your stanitsa* on my way back from the Crimea, where I spent my vacation. I want to thank Comrade Sholokhov very warmly for this invitation and you for your cordial reception. (Stormy applause.) I am very glad that I have come here, that I have an opportunity of getting to know more about your life, and of talking to you. (Applause.)
To begin with, allow me to convey to you greetings from the Presidium of the Party Central Committee and from the Council of Ministers, and to wish you fresh succ esses in your work, prosperity, and hap.piness. (Stormy, prolonged applause.)
SOVIET UNION IS MAKING GOOD PROGRESS WITH THE SEVEN-YEAR PLAN
You all know, comrades, not only from the press but also from your own experience, that the internal situat ion in our country is good, and that our people are adding daily to their achievements and advancing confi. dently.
Extensive work aimed at carrying out the decisions of the 21st Party Congress has been done since the Congress and the June Plenary Meeting of the Central Committee, and a broad popular movement to fulfil the Seven-Year Plan ahead of schedule is under way in the towns and viilages of our country. The assignments of the Seven-Year Plan approved by the 21st Congress of the C.P.S.U. are being successfully fulfilled and overfulfihled. The industrial production plan for the first seven months of 1959 has been exceeded 5 per cent. Compared with the same period last year industrial output has increased 12 per cent. Capit al investments have grown 10 per cent, while construction and assembly has increased 21 per cent in ferrous and non-ferrous metallurgy, 26 per cent in the oil and gas industry, 74 per cent in the chemical industry, 23 per cent in machine-building, and 38 per cent in the light and food industries. Sixteen per cent more housing has been made ready for occupation than in the same seven months of last year. Labour productivity has risen 8 per cent in industry and 9 per cent in building. The assignment for reduction of industrial production costs has been over- fulfilled.
This shows that the peoples of the Soviet Union corr ectly understand the decisions of the 21st Congress and are now applying every effort to carry them into effect, since their fulfilment will enhance further the might of our country, and raise the living standard, culture and prosperity of the people.
The measures set forth in the decisions of the 21st Congress and the June Plenary Meeting of the Central Comm ittee in the field of technical progress are being carried out with perseverance, and are yielding good results. Our heroic working class and our fine scientists and engineers are determined to fulfil the Seven-Year Plan ahead Of schedule, since the plan is an important phase in the peaceful competition between socialism and (:apitalisrfl. Ifl the solution of our chief economic task—to overtake and surpass the United States and the other most (JeVeJOped capitalist countries in per capita production.
Those engaged in agriculture, like all our people, have made a good start on the Seven-Year Plan. They have overfulfihled the plan for planting spring crops. A total of 140 million hectares of spring crops, including 22 million hectares of maize, has been planted in the country. The total area sown to agricultural crops (spring and winter) for the 1959 harvest amounts to 196 million hectares and exceeds the 1953 figure by almost 40 million hectares.
Collective stock-raising is developing successfully. As on August 1, the cattle herd on the state and collective farms increased 16 per cent compared with last year, the cow herd increasing 10 per cent.
As on August 20, purchases by government and other procurement agencies exceeded those for the correspondi ng period of last year as follows: meat—61 per cent, milk —16 per cent, eggs—29 per cent, and wool—I6 per cent. Compared with the corresponding period of 1953, the inc reases amounted to 200, 130, 110 and 90 per cent res pectively.
Grain harvesting and preparations for harvesting in. dustrial crops, are now in full swing. In some areas the grain yield is somewhat lower thin it was last year owing to the drought that affected parts of the country. The state and collective farms of the Ukraine, for example. have fulfilled and are overfulfilling the plan for selling grain to the state, but on the whole less grain will be sold to the state there than last year, because of the drought in some parts of the Ukraine. As a result of the drought your own Rostov Region is reducing grain purchases cons iderably compared with last year. The collective and state farms of Stavropol Territory, and Stalingrad and Sar atov Regions have harvested less grain than they did last year, because certain areas in that zone were hit by drought.
In other Territories and Regions of the Country the crop is as good as, or even better than, last year’s. The collective and state farms of KazakhStafl are harvesting a good crop. They have undertaken to sell the state as much grain as they did last year, and perhaps even somewhat more. The situation is also good in Siberia, and it seems that the Siberian farmers will also sell the state not less, and perhaps even more, grain than they did last year.
Despite the drought, our livestock will be better prov ided with fodder than in 1958. This is due to the fact that much more maize was planted this year, and maize, even in droughty areas, will yield a far greater crop than do the other spring fodder crops, such as barley and oats.
All the Regions, Territories and Republics promise not only to fulfil the state plan for the production of animal produce, but also to discharge their own, considerably higher, pledges assumed for the first year of the Seven- Year Plan.
The increase in the productionof meat, butter and milk is improving the supply of these products for the popul ation. This is evident both in the shops and the markets in cities and industrial centres. This year more food and a greater range of foods is being sold than ever before, although we still have to work very hard in order fully to satisfy the requirements of the population in meat and some other products.
Of late, farming methods have grown more efficient all over the country, including your own Rostov Region. The collective and state farms of your Region have made cert ain progress. But if I am to speak in keeping with the Russian saying_”Brea bread with me, but speak your mind”_—then, dear Don-Cossack comrades, some bones could be picked with you.
You must still greatly improve the efficiency of your farming. This is all the more necessary since in your zone droughts are quite frequent. You can overcornc the (ul’e(t of droughts only with high agrotechnical efficiency. For this you have to improve your seed-growing, plant your crops in better time, tend your crops, plant more maize in your spring crops, harvest your crops in good time an(i till your soil so that it may retain the moisture. The param ount task in your conditions is to retain moisture in the soil and fight weeds on your fields.
I must also say, dear Cossacks, that you still have very few orchards. Of course, you like apples and grapes, not to mention grape wine, but you still have few orchards. In addition to bread, meat and butter it is desirable to have more fruit and grapes. The more orchards and viney ards we have, the more foodstuffs we shall produce and the better and more richly we shall live—and this is just what our Party and all our people are striving for.
Comrades, today everybody can see the great headway made by the Communist Party and the whole Soviet people in the struggle for a considerable advance in agriculture. The glorious kolkhoz peasantry are working selflessly tog ether with the working class to fulfil the Seven-Year Plan ahead of schedule.
Today the situation in our country is very good. It has been achieved thanks to the inviolable unity of our people and their solidarity with our Communist Party.
Extensive work aimed at carrying out the decisions of the 21st Party Congress has been done since the Congress and the June Plenary Meeting of the Central Committee, and a broad popular movement to fulfil the Seven-Year Plan ahead of schedule is under way in the towns and viilages of our country. The assignments of the Seven-Year Plan approved by the 21st Congress of the C.P.S.U. are being successfully fulfilled and overfulfihled. The industrial production plan for the first seven months of 1959 has been exceeded 5 per cent. Compared with the same period last year industrial output has increased 12 per cent. Capit al investments have grown 10 per cent, while construction and assembly has increased 21 per cent in ferrous and non-ferrous metallurgy, 26 per cent in the oil and gas industry, 74 per cent in the chemical industry, 23 per cent in machine-building, and 38 per cent in the light and food industries. Sixteen per cent more housing has been made ready for occupation than in the same seven months of last year. Labour productivity has risen 8 per cent in industry and 9 per cent in building. The assignment for reduction of industrial production costs has been over- fulfilled.
This shows that the peoples of the Soviet Union corr ectly understand the decisions of the 21st Congress and are now applying every effort to carry them into effect, since their fulfilment will enhance further the might of our country, and raise the living standard, culture and prosperity of the people.
The measures set forth in the decisions of the 21st Congress and the June Plenary Meeting of the Central Comm ittee in the field of technical progress are being carried out with perseverance, and are yielding good results. Our heroic working class and our fine scientists and engineers are determined to fulfil the Seven-Year Plan ahead Of schedule, since the plan is an important phase in the peaceful competition between socialism and (:apitalisrfl. Ifl the solution of our chief economic task—to overtake and surpass the United States and the other most (JeVeJOped capitalist countries in per capita production.
Those engaged in agriculture, like all our people, have made a good start on the Seven-Year Plan. They have overfulfihled the plan for planting spring crops. A total of 140 million hectares of spring crops, including 22 million hectares of maize, has been planted in the country. The total area sown to agricultural crops (spring and winter) for the 1959 harvest amounts to 196 million hectares and exceeds the 1953 figure by almost 40 million hectares.
Collective stock-raising is developing successfully. As on August 1, the cattle herd on the state and collective farms increased 16 per cent compared with last year, the cow herd increasing 10 per cent.
As on August 20, purchases by government and other procurement agencies exceeded those for the correspondi ng period of last year as follows: meat—61 per cent, milk —16 per cent, eggs—29 per cent, and wool—I6 per cent. Compared with the corresponding period of 1953, the inc reases amounted to 200, 130, 110 and 90 per cent res pectively.
Grain harvesting and preparations for harvesting in. dustrial crops, are now in full swing. In some areas the grain yield is somewhat lower thin it was last year owing to the drought that affected parts of the country. The state and collective farms of the Ukraine, for example. have fulfilled and are overfulfilling the plan for selling grain to the state, but on the whole less grain will be sold to the state there than last year, because of the drought in some parts of the Ukraine. As a result of the drought your own Rostov Region is reducing grain purchases cons iderably compared with last year. The collective and state farms of Stavropol Territory, and Stalingrad and Sar atov Regions have harvested less grain than they did last year, because certain areas in that zone were hit by drought.
In other Territories and Regions of the Country the crop is as good as, or even better than, last year’s. The collective and state farms of KazakhStafl are harvesting a good crop. They have undertaken to sell the state as much grain as they did last year, and perhaps even somewhat more. The situation is also good in Siberia, and it seems that the Siberian farmers will also sell the state not less, and perhaps even more, grain than they did last year.
Despite the drought, our livestock will be better prov ided with fodder than in 1958. This is due to the fact that much more maize was planted this year, and maize, even in droughty areas, will yield a far greater crop than do the other spring fodder crops, such as barley and oats.
All the Regions, Territories and Republics promise not only to fulfil the state plan for the production of animal produce, but also to discharge their own, considerably higher, pledges assumed for the first year of the Seven- Year Plan.
The increase in the productionof meat, butter and milk is improving the supply of these products for the popul ation. This is evident both in the shops and the markets in cities and industrial centres. This year more food and a greater range of foods is being sold than ever before, although we still have to work very hard in order fully to satisfy the requirements of the population in meat and some other products.
Of late, farming methods have grown more efficient all over the country, including your own Rostov Region. The collective and state farms of your Region have made cert ain progress. But if I am to speak in keeping with the Russian saying_”Brea bread with me, but speak your mind”_—then, dear Don-Cossack comrades, some bones could be picked with you.
You must still greatly improve the efficiency of your farming. This is all the more necessary since in your zone droughts are quite frequent. You can overcornc the (ul’e(t of droughts only with high agrotechnical efficiency. For this you have to improve your seed-growing, plant your crops in better time, tend your crops, plant more maize in your spring crops, harvest your crops in good time an(i till your soil so that it may retain the moisture. The param ount task in your conditions is to retain moisture in the soil and fight weeds on your fields.
I must also say, dear Cossacks, that you still have very few orchards. Of course, you like apples and grapes, not to mention grape wine, but you still have few orchards. In addition to bread, meat and butter it is desirable to have more fruit and grapes. The more orchards and viney ards we have, the more foodstuffs we shall produce and the better and more richly we shall live—and this is just what our Party and all our people are striving for.
Comrades, today everybody can see the great headway made by the Communist Party and the whole Soviet people in the struggle for a considerable advance in agriculture. The glorious kolkhoz peasantry are working selflessly tog ether with the working class to fulfil the Seven-Year Plan ahead of schedule.
Today the situation in our country is very good. It has been achieved thanks to the inviolable unity of our people and their solidarity with our Communist Party.
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